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Gomco Circumcision Clamp
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 12, 2025
The Gomco circumcision clamp is a metal device that medical practitioners use to perform circumcision, or the removal of the foreskin of the penis.…
Circumcision, MaleMale circumcisionForeskinPenisGlans Penis
Non-Therapeutic Infant Circumcision
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 12, 2025
Non-therapeutic infant circumcision is the surgical removal of healthy foreskin from a male infant, often shortly after birth, for the purpose of…
Circumcision, MaleMale circumcisionMasturbationForeskinForeskin removal
The Human Genome Diversity Project (1991–2002)
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 10, 2025
The Human Genome Diversity Project, or HGDP, was an effort led by US-based scientists to collect DNA from members of Indigenous communities living…
GenomeHuman Genome Diversity ProjectHuman Genome ProjectNational Center for Human Genome Research (U.S.)Indigenous People
Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS)
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 10, 2025
A genome-wide association study, or GWAS, is a method for identifying variations in DNA that may contribute to the development of a particular trait…
Genome-Wide Association StudyGWA StudyGenome Wide Association AnalysisGenetic Linkage AnalysisPolymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
The International HapMap Project (2002–2016)
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 10, 2025
Launched in 2002, the International HapMap Project was a collaborative effort among scientists from around the world to create a map of common…
HapMap ProjectHuman Haplotype MapInternational HapMap ProjectHaplotypesGenome, human
1,000 Genomes Project (2008–2015)
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 10, 2025
The 1,000 Genomes Project, which began in 2008, was an international effort to create a detailed and publicly accessible catalog of human genetic…
Human genomeHuman Genome ProjectGenome-Wide Association StudyWhole Genome SequencingNational Human Genome Research Institute (U.S.)
Lymphoblastoid Cell Line (LCL)
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 09, 2025
A lymphoblastoid cell line, or LCL, is an immortalized population of cells derived from a specific type of white blood cell called a B lymphocyte…
virusesEpstein-Barr Virus InfectionsB-LymphocytesTissue Culture TechniquesHeLa Cells
Lewis Albert Sayre (1820–1900)
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 09, 2025
Lewis Albert Sayre was an orthopedic surgeon who practiced medicine in New York City, New York, during the second half of the nineteenth century and…
Circumcision, MaleForeskinScoliosisSurgical CastsAmerican Medical Association
“Fate of the Foreskin: A Study of Circumcision” (1949) by Douglas Gairdner
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 09, 2025
In 1949, Douglas Gairdner, a pediatrician in Cambridge, England, published “Fate of the Foreskin: A Study of Circumcision,” hereafter, “Fate of the…
Circumcision, MaleForeskinHPV-31PhimosisForeskin--Surgery