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George Wells Beadle (1903-1989)

By: Divyash Chhetri | Published: Mar 14, 2014

George Wells Beadle studied corn, fruit flies, and funguses in the US during the twentieth century. These studies helped Beadle earn the 1958 Nobel…

Beadle, George Wells, 1903-1989Genetics

Nicolaas Hartsoeker (1656-1725)

By: Cera R. Lawrence | Published: Sep 26, 2008

Nicolaas Hartsoeker, a Dutch astronomer, optics manufacturer, and naturalist, was born 26 March 1656 in Gouda, Netherlands, and died 10 December 1725…

PeopleHartsoeker, Nicolas, 1656-1725SpermatozoaBiographySperm

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Strains 6 and 11 and Strains 16 and 18

By: Sarah Walls | Published: Apr 06, 2021

Human Papillomavirus, or HPV, is a viral pathogen that most commonly spreads through sexual contact.

PapillomavirusesHuman Papilloma VirusGenital WartsCondylomata AcuminataVenereal Warts

Cervarix HPV Vaccination Series

By: Grace Kim, Alexis Darby | Published: Aug 20, 2020

In 2011, United Kingdom pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline released Cervarix, a vaccination series protecting girls and women from two strains of…

TechnologyCervical CancerCancer VaccineCancer of the CervixVaccines

Using Digital PCR to Detect Fetal Chromosomal Aneuploidy in Maternal Blood (2007)

By: Meilin Zhu | Published: Nov 08, 2017

In 2007, Dennis Lo and his colleagues used digital polymerase chain reaction or PCR to detect trisomy 21 in maternal blood, validating the method as…

Polymerase chain reactionNucleic Acid Amplification TechniquesDown syndromeDNAAneuploidy

"Adenocarcinoma of the Vagina: Association of Maternal Stilbestrol Therapy with Tumor Appearance in Young Women" (1971), by Arthur L. Herbst, et al.

By: Alexis Abboud | Published: Apr 12, 2017

Published in 1971, Adenocarcinoma of the Vagina: Association of Maternal Stilbestrol Therapy with Tumor Appearance in Young Women, by Arthurs L.…

LiteratureDiethylstilbestrolAdenocarcinomaCancerEstrogen

Hermann Joseph Muller's Study of X-rays as a Mutagen, (1926-1927)

By: Kevin M. Gleason | Published: Mar 07, 2017

Hermann Joseph Muller conducted three experiments in 1926 and 1927 that demonstrated that exposure to x-rays, a form of high-energy radiation, can…

X-raysRadiationGeneticsMutationDrosophila

Hensen's Node

By: Maria Doty, Corinne DeRuiter | Published: Jun 21, 2011

A node, or primitive knot, is an enlarged group of cells located in the anterior portion of the primitive streak in a developing gastrula. The node…

GastrulationChicks

Morphogenesis

By: Mary E. Sunderland | Published: May 09, 2008

The term morphogenesis generally refers to the processes by which order is created in the developing organism. This order is achieved as…

Morphogenesisdifferentiation

Chloroplasts

By: Anna Guerrero | Published: Feb 06, 2017

Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant and algal cells that conduct photosynthesis.

ChloroplastsPlastidsChloroplast membranesThylakoidsChlorophyll