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In April 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick published “Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure of Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid” or “A…
LiteratureDNAComplementary DNADNA ReplicationDeoxyribonucleic AcidDavid Baltimore studied viruses and the immune system in the US during the twentieth century. In 1975, Baltimore was awarded the Nobel Prize in…
Baltimore, DavidDNAAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeTelomerase is an enzyme that regulates the lengths of telomeres in the cells of many organisms, and in humans it begins to function int the early…
TelomeraseTelomereDNAMolecular BiologySomatic embryogenesisThe Y-chromosome is one of a pair of chromosomes that determine the genetic sex of individuals in mammals, some insects, and some plants. In the…
Y ChromosomeSex ChromosomesEmbryosDNAChromosomesTelomeres are sequences of DNA on the ends of chromosomes that protect chromosomes from sticking to each other or tangling, which could cause…
TelomeraseGreider, Carol W.Wistar Institute of Anatomy and BiologyAgingDNACornelia Isabella Bargmann studied the relationship between genes, neural circuits, and behavior in the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans…
Drosophila melanogasterNeural circuitryNeurobiologyHER-2 geneHER-2 proteinOn 6 May 1952, at King’s College London in London, England, Rosalind Franklin photographed her fifty-first X-ray diffraction pattern of…
LiteratureDNADNA HelicasesX Ray CrystallographyCrystallography, X-RayIn 1956, Gunther Stent, a scientist at the University of California Berkeley in Berkeley, California, coined the terms conservative, semi-…
DNADNA ReplicationDNA HelicasesGenesHeredityExperiments conducted by Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol Greider, and Jack Szostak from 1982 to 1989 provided theories of how the ends of chromosomes,…
TelomereGreider, Carol W.Chromosome replicationTelomeraseDNAIn April 1953, Rosalind Franklin and Raymond Gosling, published “Molecular Configuration in Sodium Thymonucleate,” in the scientific journal Nature.…
LiteratureDNADNA HelicasesX Ray CrystallographyMolecular structure