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“The History of Twins, As a Criterion of the Relative Powers of Nature and Nurture” (1875), by Francis Galton
By: Mudhaffar Bahjat
| Published: Dec 19, 2017
In the article “The History of Twins, As a Criterion of the Relative Powers of Nature and Nurture,” Francis Galton describes his study of twins.…
LiteratureNature and nurtureGeneticsHeredityTwins
David Reimer and John Money Gender Reassignment Controversy: The John/Joan Case
By: Phil Gaetano
| Published: Nov 15, 2017
In the mid-1960s, psychologist John Money encouraged the gender reassignment of David Reimer, who was born a biological male but suffered irreparable…
Sex changeGender IdentitypsychologyGenderSexual and Gender Disorders
"Congenital Club Foot in the Human Fetus" (1980), by Ernesto Ippolito and Ignacio Ponseti
By: Katherine Gandee
| Published: Mar 16, 2017
In 1980, Ernesto Ippolito and Ignacio Ponseti published their results on a histological study they performed on congenital club foot in human fetuses…
ClubfootPonseti, I. V. (Ignacio V.), 1914-2009Abnormalities, HumanHistologyHistology, Pathological
Dandy-Walker Syndrome
By: Alexandra Bohnenberger
| Published: Mar 02, 2017
Dandy-Walker Syndrome is a congenital brain defect in humans characterized by malformations to the cerebellum, the part of the brain that controls…
Dandy, Walter Edward, 1886-1946Walker, A. Earl (Arthur Earl), 1907-1995HydrocephalusBirth DefectsDandy-Walker Syndrome
Digit Regeneration Is Regulated by Msx1 and BMP4 in Fetal Mice (2003), by Manjong Han et al.
By: Joe Brinkman
| Published: Apr 13, 2015
In the early 2000s, Manjong Han, Xiaodang Yang, Jennifer Farrington, and Ken Muneoka investigated how genes and proteins in fetal mice (Mus musculus…
Regeneration (Biology)MiceRegenerationHomeobox genesBone Morphogenetic Proteins
Retinoids As Teratogens
By: Chanapa Tantibanchachai
| Published: Feb 28, 2014
Vitamin A (retinol) is an essential vitamin in the daily functioning of human beings that helps regulate cellular differentiation of epithelial…
RetinoidsVitamin A in the bodyTeratogenicity testingAbnormalities, HumanTeratogenic agents
In re Marriage of Witten (2003)
By:
| Published: Jan 22, 2014
In re Marriage of Witten, decided by the Iowa Supreme Court in 2003, held that neither Tamera nor Arthur (Trip) Witten could use or destroy several…
LawFrozen human embryosFertilization in VitroEmbryosPregnancy
Developmental Timeline of Alcohol-Induced Birth Defects
By: Erica O'Neil
| Published: Apr 24, 2011
Maternal consumption of alcohol (ethanol) during pregnancy can result in a continuum of embryonic developmental abnormalities that vary depending on…
fetal alcohol syndromeReproductionHuman Development
Ernest Everett Just (1883-1941)
By: Karen Wellner
| Published: Jun 16, 2010
Ernest Everett Just was an early twentieth century American experimental embryologist involved in research at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL)…
FertilizationBiographyInvertebrates
"Experimental Studies on Congenital Malformations" (1959), by James G. Wilson
By: Chanapa Tantibanchachai
| Published: Jun 15, 2017
The article Experimental Studies on Congenital Malformations was published in the Journal of Chronic Diseases in 1959. The author, James G. Wilson,…
LiteratureAbnormalities, HumanBirth DefectsTeratologymalformations