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John Philip Trinkaus (1918-2003)
By: Ellen M. DuPont
| Published: May 31, 2010
John Philip Trinkaus studied the processes of cell migration and gastrulation, especially in teleost fish, in the US during the twentieth century.…
PeopleGastrulationBiographyMorphogenesis
Process of Eukaryotic Embryonic Development
By: Inbar Maayan
| Published: Oct 20, 2010
All sexually reproducing, multicellular diploid eukaryotes begin life as embryos. Understanding the stages of embryonic development is vital to…
EukaryotaEukaryotesOntogeny
Mesoderm
By: Kate MacCord
| Published: Nov 26, 2013
Mesoderm is one of the three germ layers, groups of cells that interact early during the embryonic life of animals and from which organs and tissues…
MesodermGastrulationCell differentiationCellsTissues
Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Cardiac Development
By: Erica O'Neil
| Published: Apr 30, 2011
A variety of developmental defects occur as a result of prenatal exposure to alcohol (ethanol) in utero. In humans, those defects are collectively…
fetal alcohol syndromeReproductionHuman Development
Role of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) in Alcohol-Induced Craniofacial Abnormalities
By: Erica O'Neil
| Published: Oct 20, 2010
Prenatal exposure to alcohol (ethanol) results in a continuum of physical and neurological developmental abnormalities that vary depending on the…
fetal alcohol syndromeCongenital DisordersFetus
Life's Greatest Miracle (2001), by Julia Cort and NOVA
By: Inbar Maayan
| Published: Nov 20, 2010
The Public Broadcasting Station (PBS) documentary Life's Greatest Miracle (abbreviated Miracle, available at http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/miracle/…
LiteratureHuman DevelopmentReproductionMovies
Hans Spemann (1869-1941)
By: Karen Wellner
| Published: Jun 15, 2010
Hans Spemann was an experimental embryologist best known for his transplantation studies and as the originator of the "organizer" concept. One of his…
PeopleSpemann, Hans, 1869-1941TransplantationBiography
Eric Wieschaus (1947- )
By: May Catherine, Justin M. Wolter
| Published: Apr 29, 2014
Eric Wieschaus studied how genes cause fruit fly larvae to develop in the US and Europe during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Using the…
Drosophila melanogasterGeneticsGenetic Screening
Spemann-Mangold Organizer
By: Samuel Philbrick, Erica O'Neil
| Published: Jan 12, 2012
The Spemann-Mangold organizer, also known as the Spemann organizer, is a cluster of cells in the developing embryo of an amphibian that induces…
EmbryosAmphibiansSpemann, Hans, 1869-1941EmbryologyGastrulation
Johannes Holtfreter (1901-1992)
By: Adam R. Navis
| Published: Feb 29, 2008
Johannes Holtfreter made important discoveries about the properties of the organizer discovered by Hans Spemann. Although he spent much time away…
Organizers, EmbryonicBiographyFrogs